The Long Island Invasive Species Management Area
Non-Native Plant Species Invasiveness Assessments
A system/protocol designed to assess the invasive nature of non-native plant species was developed by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) in New York and the Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BBG) in 2008, under the auspices of LIISMA (Long Island Invasive Species Management Area). The ranking system is designed to be repeatable, based on the best available science, clearly explained and fully documented. The system can be used to assess non-native plant species that are established in NYS, and also species that are new arrivals or are not yet present.
To see completed NYS assessments and a full explanation of the process CLICK HERE.
To see a list of the voting members of the committee and their organizations CLICK HERE.
In order to better inform local efforts, species can be further assessed using the Partnership for Regional Invasive Species Management (PRISM) form. Completed assessments specific to Long Island can be found below.
Species Assessments for Long Island
| Scientific Name | Common Name | LIISMA Profile |
|---|---|---|
Acer ginnala |
Amur maple | |
Acer palmatum Thunb. |
Japanese maple |
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Acer platanoides |
Norway maple | |
Acer pseudoplatanus |
Sycamore maple | |
Achatina achatina |
Giant Ghana Snail, Giant Tiger Land Snail | |
Achatina fulica |
Giant African Land Snail | |
Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai (syn. Achyranthes bidentata var. japonica Miq.) |
Japanese Chaff Flower |
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Adelges tsugae |
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid | |
Aegopodium podagraria |
Bishop's goutweed |
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Agrilus planipennis |
Emerald Ash Borer | |
Agrostis gigantea Roth (Agrostis alba auct. non L.; Agrostis gigantea Roth var. dispar (Michx.) Philipson; Agrostis nigra With.; Agrostis stolonifera L. ssp. gigantea (Roth) Schuebl. & Martens; Agrostis stolonifera L. var. major (Gaudin) Farw.) |
Redtop, black bentgrass | |
Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle |
Tree of heaven | |
Akebia quinata |
Chocolate vine | |
Albizia julibrissin Durazz. |
Silktree, mimosa |
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Alliaria petiolata |
Garlic mustard |
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Alnus glutinosa |
European alder, black alder |
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Alopochen aegyptiacus |
Egyptian Goose | |
Alosa pseudoharengus |
Alewife | |
Amelopsis brevipedunculata |
Porcelain berry |
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Amynthas spp. |
Asian Earthworms | |
Anoplophora glabripennis |
Asian Longhorned Beetle | |
Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. |
Wild chervil |
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Apis mellifera scutellata x A. m ligustica, A. m iberiensis |
Africanized Honey Bee | |
Aralia elata |
Japanese angelica tree |
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Archachatina marginata |
Margis, Giant West African Snail | |
Artemesia vulgaris L. |
Common wormwood, Mugwort |
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Arthraxon hispidus |
Small carpgrass |
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Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl. (including ssp. giantea and ssp. tecta (Walter) McClure [=A. tecta (Walter) Muhl.]) |
Bamboo, canebreak, giant cane |
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Bellamya chinensis (Cipangopaludina chinensis) |
Chinese Mystery Snail | |
Bellamya japonica (Cipangopaludina japonica) |
Japanese Mystery Snail | |
Berberis thunbergii (incl. B. ottowensis) |
Japanese barberry |
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Berberis vulgaris |
Common barberry |
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Bithynia tentaculata |
Faucet Snail | |
Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) P. Beauv. ssp. sylvaticum |
Slender falsebrome |
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Bromus tectorum L. |
Cheat grass, downy brome |
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Buddleja davidii Franch. |
Orange-eye butterfly bush |
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Butomus umbellatus L. |
flowering-rush |
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Bythotrephes cederstroemi (B. longimanus) |
Spiny Water Flea | |
Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray, Ann |
Carolina fanwort |
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Cairina moschata |
Muscovy Duck | |
Callitriche stagnalis Scop. |
Pond water-starwort |
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Caragana arborescens Lam. |
Siberian peashrub |
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Carassius auratus |
Goldfish | |
Carcinus maenas |
Green Crab | |
Cardamine impatiens L. |
Narrowleaf bittercress |
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Carex kobomugi/C. macrocephala |
Japanese sedge/largehead sedge |
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Caulerpa taxifolia |
Killer alga | |
Celastrus orbiculatus |
Oriental bittersweet |
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Centaurea jacea s.l. (including C. nigra, C. nigrescens, C. xmoncktonii) |
Black knapweed, black star-thistle, brown knapweed, brown ray knapweed, brown star-thistle, lesser knapweed, meadow knapweed, protean knapweed, short-fringed knapweed, short-fringed star-thistle, tyrol knapweed, vochin knapweed |
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Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos s.l. (including C. biebersteinii, C. diffusa, C. maculosa misapplied, C. xpsammogena) |
Spotted knapweed, spotted star-thistle |
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Cercopagis pengoi |
Fishhook Water Flea | |
Channa argus |
Northern Snakehead | |
Channa marulius |
Bullseye Snakehead | |
Channa micropeltes |
Giant Snakehead | |
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (C. setosum, C. incanum, Carduus arvensis, Serratula arvensis & all varieties of C. arvense) |
Creeping thistle, Californian thistle, Canada thistle, field thistle |
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Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop (Carduus palustris) |
Marsh thistle, European swamp thistle |
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Clarias batrachus |
Walking Catfish | |
Clematis terniflora |
Japanese virgin's-bower |
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Corbicula fluminea |
Asian Clam | |
Coronilla varia (Securigera varia) |
Crownvetch |
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Crassostrea ariakensis |
Suminoe Oyster | |
Cryptococcus fagisuga |
Beech Scale | |
Ctenopharyngodon idella |
Grass Carp | |
Cygnus olor |
Mute Swan | |
Cynanchum louiseae |
Black swallow-wort |
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Cynanchum rossicum |
European swallow-wort |
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Cyperus difformis L. |
Variable flatsedge |
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Cyprinella lutrensis |
Red Shiner | |
Cyprinus carpio |
Common Carp | |
Daphnia lumholtzi |
Water Flea | |
Datura stramonium L. |
Jimsonweed, common thorn apple, Jamestown weed, purple thorn apple |
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Didemnum vexillum |
Carpet Tunicate | |
Digitalis lanata Ehrh. |
Grecian foxglove |
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Digitalis purpurea L |
Purple foxglove |
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Dioscorea polystachya (D. oppositifolia L. misapplied) |
Chinese yam, Cinnamon vine |
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Dipsacus laciniatus L. |
Cut-leaf teasel |
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Dreissena polymorpha |
Zebra Mussel | |
Dreissena rostriformis bugensis |
Quagga Mussel | |
Egeria densa Planchon |
Brazilian waterweed |
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Eichhornia crassipes |
Common water-hyacinth | |
Elaeagnus angustifolia |
Russian olive |
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Elaeagnus umbellata |
Autumn olive |
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Eleutherococcus pentaphyllus (Siebold & Zucc.) Nakai (Synonyms: Eleutherococcus seiboldianus (Makino) Koidzumi; |
Five-leaved Aralia |
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Epilobium hirsutum L. |
Great hairy willow-herb, codlins & cream |
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Eragrostis curvula |
Weeping lovegrass |
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Eriocheir sinensis |
Chinese Mitten Crab | |
Euonymus alatus |
Winged burning bush, winged euonymus |
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Euonymus europaeus L. |
European spindletree |
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Euonymus fortunei |
Winter creeper |
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Euphorbia cyparissias |
Cypress spurge |
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Euphorbia esula |
Leafy spurge |
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Euphorbia lathyris |
Caper spurge, moleplant |
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Fallopia baldschuanica |
Bukhara fleeceflower, China fleece vine, silver lace vine |
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Fallopia japonica (Hout.) Dcne. var. japonica, F. sachalinensis, F. xbohemica (Polygonum cuspidatum, P. sachalinense, P. xboehmicum) |
Japanese knotweed, giant knotweed |
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Festuca filiformis Pourret |
Hair fescue |
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Frangula alnus |
Glossy buckthorn, smooth buckthorn |
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Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. |
Slender cottonweed |
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Galega officinalis |
Professor-weed, common milkpea, goat's-rue |
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Galium odoratum L. Scop. (Asperula odorata L.) |
Sweet bedstraw |
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Gambusia affinis |
Western Mosquitofish | |
Gambusia holbrooki |
Eastern Mosquitofish | |
Geomyces destructans |
White-nosed Syndrome | |
Geosmithia morbida, Pityophthorus juglandis |
Thousand Canker Disease, Walnut Twig Beetle | |
Glaucium flavum Crantz |
Yellow hornpoppy |
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Glossostigma cleistanthum (previously reported as G. diandrum) |
Mudmats |
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Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holb. |
Tall glyceria, English watergrass, reed mannagrass |
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Gymnocephalus cernuus |
Ruffe | |
Hedera helix |
English ivy |
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Hemerocallis fulva (L.) |
Orange daylily |
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Hemigrapsus penicillatus |
Grapsid Crab | |
Hemigrapsus sanguineus |
Asian Shore Crab | |
Hemimysis anomala |
Bloody Red Shrimp | |
Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier |
Giant hogweed |
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Hesperis matronalis |
Dame’s rocket |
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Hordeum murinum L. ssp. leporinum (Link) Arcang. |
Leporinum barley; Hare barley |
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Humulus japonicus Sieb. & Zucc. |
Japanese hops |
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Hydrilla verticillata |
Waterthyme |
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Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. |
Frogbit |
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Hypericum perforatum L. |
Common St. John's-wort |
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Hypophthalmichthys harmandi |
Largescale Silver Carp | |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix |
Silver Carp | |
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis |
Bighead Carp | |
Ictalurus furcatus |
Blue Catfish | |
Ilex crenata Thunb. |
Japanese holly |
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Impatiens glandulifera |
Ornamental jewelweed |
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Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv. (all vars. except koenigii) |
Cogongrass, Cogon satin-tail | |
Iris pseudacorus |
Yellow iris | |
Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. (Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J.Scott). |
Mexican summer-cypress, burning bush | |
Lepidium latifolium L. |
Broadleaved Pepperweed, peppergrass |
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Lepus europaeus |
European Hare | |
Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. |
Shrub lespedeza, bicolor lespdeza, shrubby bush clover |
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Lespedeza cuneata |
Chinese lespedeza, Chinese bushclover |
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Ligustrum amurense Caar. |
Amur privet | |
Ligustrum obtusifolium Siebold & Zuccarini |
Border privet | |
Ligustrum ovalifolium |
California privet | |
Ligustrum sinense |
Chinese privet | |
Ligustrum vulgare |
European privet | |
Lobelia chinensis Lour. |
Chinese lobelia | |
Lonicera japonica Thunberg |
Japanese Honeysuckle | |
Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim. |
Amur Honeysuckle | |
Lonicera morrowii LOMO2, L. tatarica LOTA, L. xbella LOBE |
Morrow's honeysuckle, Tartarian honeysuckle, Fly honeysuckle | |
Lonicera xylosteum |
European Fly Honeysuckle | |
Lotus corniculatus L. |
Bird's-foot trefoil | |
Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet ssp. hexapetala (Hook. & Arn.) G.L. Nesom & Kartesz |
Uruguayan Primrose-willow | |
Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) Raven ssp. glabrescens (Kuntze) Raven |
Floating primrose-willow | |
Lymantria dispar |
Asian & European Gypsy Moth | |
Lysimachia clethroides Duby Planchon |
Goose-neck loosestrife | |
Lysimachia nummularia |
Creeping Jenny, moneywort |
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Lysimachia punctata L. |
Spotted loosestrife | |
Lysimachia vulgaris |
Garden loosestrife, garden yellow loostrife | |
Lythrum salicaria L. |
Purple Loosestrife | |
Marsilea quadrifolia |
European water-fern | |
Microstegium vimineum |
Japanese stiltgrass, Eulalia, Nepalese browntop | |
Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. |
Japanese Silver Grass | |
Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. |
Chinese silvergrass, eulalia | |
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus |
Oriental Weatherfish | |
Monochamus alternatus |
Japanese Pine Sawyer | |
Monopterus albus |
Asian Swamp Eel | |
Morus alba |
White mulberry | |
Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Maz. |
Marsh dewflower, wart-removing herb | |
Myiopsitta monachus |
Monk Parakeet | |
Mylopharyngodon piceus |
Black Carp | |
Myocastor coypus |
Nutria | |
Myosotis scorpioides L. |
True forget-me-not | |
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vellozo) Verdcourt |
Parrot-feather | |
Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. (including M. heterophyllum X M. pinnatum) |
Broadleaf water-milfoil | |
Myriophyllum spicatum L. |
Eurasian water-milfoil | |
Najas minor All. |
Brittle water nymph | |
Nasturtium officinale R. Br. ex Ait. (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (Linnaeus) Hayek, Sched. |
Watercress | |
Nelumbo nucifera |
Sacred lotus | |
Neogobius melanostomus |
Round Goby | |
Nyctereutes procyonoides |
Asian Racoon Dog | |
Nymphoides peltata |
Yellow floating heart | |
Oncorhynchus kisutch |
Coho Salmon | |
Oncorhynchus mykiss |
Rainbow Trout | |
Oncorhynchus tshawytsha |
Chinook Salmon | |
Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) Beauv. subsp. undulatifolius (Ard.) U. Scholz |
Wavyleaf basketgrass, bristle basketgrass | |
Orconectes rusticus |
Rusty CrayFish | |
Oreochromis aureus |
Blue Tilapia | |
Oreochromis niloticus |
Nile Tilapia | |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
European Rabbit | |
Paulownia tomentosa |
Princess-tree |
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Persicaria longiseta (Bruijn) Kitagawa (Polygonum caespitosum var. longiseta) |
Creeping smartweed |
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Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) H. Gross (=Polygonum nepalense Meisn.) |
Nepal smartweed |
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Persicaria perfoliata |
Mile-a-minute weed, mile-a-minute vine |
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Petromyzon marinus |
Sea Lamprey | |
Phalaris arundinacea |
Reed canarygrass |
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Phasianus colchicus, P. colchicus strachi |
Ring-necked Pheasant, Sichuan Pheasant | |
Phellodendron amurense |
Amur corktree |
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Phleum pratense |
Timothy |
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Phragmites australis ssp. Australis |
Common reed |
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Phyllostachys aureosulcata McClure and P. aurea Carrière ex A. Rivière and C. Rivière) |
Yellow groove bamboo [grove is a misspelling] and golden bamboo |
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Phytophthora ramorum |
Sudden Oak Death | |
Piaractus brachypomus |
Red-bellied Pacu | |
Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino ex Breitenbach |
Crowdipper, green dragon |
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Pinus thunbergii |
Japanese black pine |
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Pistia stratiotes L. |
Water lettuce | |
Poa bulbosa L. |
Bulbous bluegrass |
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Poa compressa L. |
Canada bluegrass |
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Poa pratensis L. |
Kentucky bluegrass |
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Podarcis sicula |
Italian Wall Lizard, Istanbul Lizard | |
Populus alba |
White poplar |
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Potamogeton crispus L. |
Curly pondweed |
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Potamopyrgus antipodarum |
New Zealand Mud Snail | |
Proterorhinus semilunaris (P.marmoratus) |
Tubenose Goby | |
Prunus avium L. |
Sweet cherry |
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Prunus cerasus L. |
Sour Cherry |
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Prunus padus L. |
European bird cherry |
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Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai |
Arrow bamboo |
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Pterois miles, P. volitans |
Common Lionfish, Red Lionfish | |
Pueraria montana |
Kudzu |
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Pyrus calleryana |
Callery pear |
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Ranunculus ficaria |
Lesser celandine, fig buttercup |
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Ranunculus repens L. |
Creeping Butter-cup |
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Rapana venosa |
Veined Rapa Whelk | |
Rhamnus cathartica |
Common buckthorn |
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Rhodotypos scandens |
Jetbead |
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Robinia hispida L. (var. fertilis & hispida) |
Bristly locust, mossy locust, rose acacia |
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Robinia pseudoacacia |
Black locust |
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Rorippa amphibia L. Besser (Nasturtium amphibium L. W.T. Ait.) |
Great yellowcress, water yellowcress |
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Rosa multiflora |
Multiflora rose |
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Rosa rugosa |
Rugosa rose, Japanese rose, beach rose |
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Rubus bifrons Vest. ex Tratt. (R. armeniacus Focke; R. discolor Weihe & Nees, R. fruticosus exclusive of its type as per USDA |
Himalayan blackberry |
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Rubus laciniatus |
Cutleaf Evergreen Blackberry, Evergreen blackberry |
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Rubus phoenicolasius |
Wineberry |
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Rumex acetosella |
Sheep sorrel |
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Salix atrocinerea/cinerea |
Large gray willow, European gray willow, Gray florist's willow |
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Salmo trutta |
Brown Trout | |
Salvinia molesta |
Water fern | |
Sander lucioperca (Stizostedion lucioperca) |
Zander | |
Saponaria officinalis L. |
Bouncing-bet, bouncing betty, soapwort |
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Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub (S. arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dum. nom. illeg.; Festuca arundinacea Schreb. ; F. elatior L. nom. rej.; Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire) |
Tall Fescue, Kentucky Fescue, Reed Fescue, Coarse Fescue, Alta Fescue |
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Senecio jacobaea L. |
Tansy-ragwort |
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Silphium perfoliatum L. var. perfoliatum |
Cup plant |
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Sirex noctilio; Amylostereum areolatum |
Sirex Woodwasp; Symbiotic Fungus | |
Solanum dulcamara L. var. dulcamara |
Trailing nightshade, bittersweet nightshade, climbing nightshade |
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Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Braun |
False spiraea |
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Spiraea japonica |
Japanese spiraea |
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Stratiotes aloides L. |
Water soldiers | |
Styela plicata |
Asian Sea Squirt | |
Sus scrofa (excluding Sus scrofa domestica) |
Eurasian Boar | |
Syringa reticulata (Blume) H.Hara[(=S. amurensis (Rupr.) Rupr.; including S. pekinensis Rupr.] |
Japanese tree lilac |
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Tachypleus gigas, T. tridentatus, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda |
Asian Horseshoe Crabs | |
Tanacetum vulgare L. |
Common tansy |
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Tilapia buttikoferi |
Zebra Tilapia | |
Tinca tinca |
Tench | |
Trachemys scripta elegans |
Red-eared Slider | |
Trapa natans L. |
water chestnut, water caltrop |
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Tussilago farfara L. |
Coltsfoot |
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Ulmus pumila L. |
Siberian elm |
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Valeriana officinalis |
Common valerian |
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Verbena bonariensis L. var. bonariensis |
Purpletop vervain | |
Veronica beccabunga L. |
European speedwell |
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Veronica officinalis L. |
Common speedwell, gypsy-weed |
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Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. |
Linden arrowwood |
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Viburnum lantana L. |
Wayfaring-tree |
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Viburnum opulus L. var. opulus |
European cranberry bush, Guelder rose |
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Viburnum setigerum |
Tea viburnum |
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Viburnum sieboldii |
Siebold's arrow-wood, Sielbold's viburnum |
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Vicia cracca L. s.l. (includes: Vicia cracca L. subsp. cracca, V. cracca subsp tenuifolia (Roth) Gaudin, V. villosa subsp pseudocracca (Bertol.) Ball, V. villosa var. varia (Host) Corb., V. villosa Roth var. villosa) |
Bird vetch, cow vetch, winter vetch, bramble vetch, tufted vetch, shaggy vetch |
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Vinca minor |
Common periwinkle |
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Vitex rotundifolia L.F. |
Roundleaf chastetree, beach vitex, chasteberry, monk's pepper |
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Wisteria sinensis/W. floribunda |
Chinese wisteria/Japanese wisteria |
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Xenopus laevis |
African Clawed Frog | |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus |
Rudd |
Resources
New York and LIISMA Invasive Plant Invasiveness Ranking s as of March 2013
